Understanding Intelligence Disability: Definition and Assessment
Definition
Intelligence disability, also known as intellectual disability, refers to a significant impairment in cognitive abilities that result in limitations in daily life functioning.
Mild Intellectual Disability
Mild intellectual disability is characterized by an IQ score between 50 and 69, which is lower than the average for the same age group. Individuals with mild intellectual disability may experience challenges in learning and reasoning, but they can still live independently with support.
Assessment
Diagnosis of intelligence disability involves a comprehensive evaluation by qualified professionals such as psychologists or psychiatrists. The assessment includes:
- IQ testing to measure cognitive abilities
- Review of developmental history and academic performance
- Assessment of daily living skills and adaptive behavior
Causes and Prevalence
Intelligence disability can be caused by genetic factors, prenatal infections, or birth complications. It affects approximately 1-3% of the global population.
Types and Levels of Severity
Intelligence disability is classified into different types and levels of severity based on the degree of impairment:
- Mild Intellectual Disability: IQ score between 50 and 69
- Moderate Intellectual Disability: IQ score between 35 and 49
- Severe Intellectual Disability: IQ score between 20 and 34
- Profound Intellectual Disability: IQ score below 20
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